<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mathml SYSTEM "/scl/people/bill/Documentation/Tmp/mmlents/mathml.dtd">
<CD>
  <CDName> bessel </CDName>
  <CDURL> http://www.openmath.org/CDs/bessel.ocd </CDURL>
  <CDExpire> 1/1/5000 </CDExpire>
  <CDStatus> private </CDStatus>
  <CDUses>
    <CDName>alg1</CDName>
    <CDName>arith1</CDName>
    <CDName>calculus1</CDName>
    <CDName>fns1</CDName>
    <CDName>relation1</CDName>
  </CDUses>

  <Description>
    This content dictionary contains symbols to describe the bessel functions
    and associated functions.
  </Description>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> BesselJ </Name>
    <Description>
       The BesselJ symbol represents the Bessel Functions of the first
       kind (of Integer Order). These are the solutions ,$J_{\pm \nu}(z)$, 
       to the differential equation 
       $z^2 \frac{d^2w}{dz^2}+z\frac{dw}{dz} + (z^2-\nu^2)w=0$
       which has a branch cut along the negative real axis in the complex
       $z$ plane. When $\nu$ is integral they are analytic in the entire
       complex z plane.

       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [9.1.1] [9.1.20], [9.1.21]
    </Description>
    <CMP> J : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> J : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> J : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
      <FMP><OMOBJ>
        <OMA>
	  <OMS cd="relation1" name="eq"/>
	  <OMA>
	    <OMS cd="arith1" name="plus"/>
	    <OMA>
	      <OMS cd="arith1" name="times"/>
	      <OMA>
	        <OMS cd="arith1" name="power"/>
		<OMV name="z"/>
		<OMI>2</OMI>
	      </OMA>
	      <OMA>
	        <OMA>
	          <OMS cd="calculus1" name="diff"/>
		  <OMBIND>
		    <OMS cd="fns1" name="lambda"/>
		    <OMBVAR>
		      <OMV name="z2"/>
		    </OMBVAR>
		    <OMA>
		      <OMA>
		        <OMS cd="calculus1" name="diff"/>
		        <OMBIND>
		          <OMS cd="fns1" name="lambda"/>
		          <OMBVAR>
		            <OMV name="z3"/>
		          </OMBVAR>
		          <OMA>
		            <OMS cd="bessel" name="BesselJ"/>
			    <OMV name="nu"/>
			    <OMV name="z3"/>
		          </OMA>
		        </OMBIND>
		      </OMA>
		      <OMV name="z2"/>
		    </OMA>
		  </OMBIND>
		</OMA>
		<OMV name="z"/>
	      </OMA>
	    </OMA>
	    <OMA>
	      <OMS cd="arith1" name="times"/>
	      <OMV name="z"/>
	      <OMA>
	        <OMA>
		  <OMS cd="calculus1" name="diff"/>
		  <OMBIND>
		    <OMS cd="fns1" name="lambda"/>
		    <OMBVAR>
		      <OMV name="z2"/>
		    </OMBVAR>
		    <OMA>
		      <OMA>
		        <OMS cd="bessel" name="BesselJ"/>
			<OMV name="nu"/>
			<OMV name="z2"/>
		      </OMA>
		    </OMA>
		  </OMBIND>
		</OMA>
		<OMV name="z"/>
	      </OMA>
	    </OMA>
	    <OMA>
	      <OMS cd="arith1" name="times"/>
	      <OMA>
	        <OMS cd="arith1" name="minus"/>
		<OMV name="z"/>
		<OMV name="nu"/>
	      </OMA>
	      <OMV name="w"/>
	    </OMA>
	  </OMA>
	  <OMS cd="alg1" name="zero"/>
	</OMA>
      </OMOBJ></FMP>
    <CMP>
        $J_{\nu}(z)=\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}
       \frac{(-1)^k}{k!\Gamma(\nu+k+1)}(\frac{z}{2})^{\nu+2k}$, 
       $|arg z| /lt \pi$, ascending series
    </CMP>
    <CMP>
        $J_n(z)=\frac{1}{\pi} \int_0^{\pi} cos(n \theta-
       zsin \theta) d \theta$, integral representation
    </CMP>
    <CMP>
       
        $J_{-n}(z)=(-1)^nJ_n(z)$, symmetry
       
    </CMP>
    <CMP>

        $J^{\prime}_0(z)=-J_1(z)$, derivative

    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> BesselY </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol BesselY represents Bessel Functions of the second
       kind (of integer order). These are also known as Weber
       /functions. We denote these by $Y_{\nu}(z)$.
       $Y_{\nu}(z)$ are the second kind of Bessel functions. They are defined 
       in terms of first kind of Bessel functions as 
       $Y_{\nu}(z)=\frac{J_{\nu}(z)cos(\nu\pi)-J_{-\nu}(z)}{sin(\nu\pi)}$. 
       which has a branch cut along the negative real axis in the complex 
       $z$ plane.

       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [9.1.2]
    </Description>
    <CMP> Y : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> Y : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> Y : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP> 
      $Y_{-n}(z)=(-1)^nY_n(z)$, symmetry
    </CMP>
    <CMP> 
      $Y^{\prime}_0(z)=-Y_1(z)$, derivative
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> HankelH1 </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol HankelH1 represents the first variety of Bessel
       Functions of the third kind (also called the Hankel functions
       of the first kind).
       They are denoted as $H_{\nu}^{(1)}(z)$. 
       They are defined by $H_{\nu}^{(1)}(z)=J_{\nu}(z)+iY_{\nu}(z)$. 
       They have a branch cut along the negative real axis in the complex
       $z$ plane.

       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [9.1.3]
    </Description>
    <FunctorClass> Function </FunctorClass>
    <CMP> H^(1) : (real, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> H^(1) : (complex, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> H^(1) : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
        $H_{-\nu}^{(1)}(z)=e^{\nu \pi i} H_{\nu}^{(1)}(z)$
    </CMP>
    <CMP> H^{(1)}_\nu(z)=J_\nu(z)+iY_\nu(z) </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> HankelH2 </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol HankelH2 represents the second variety of Bessel
       Functions of the third kind (also called the Hankel functions
       of the second kind).
       They are denoted as $H_{\nu}^{(2)}(z)$. 
       They are defined by $H_{\nu}^{(1)}(z)=J_{\nu}(z)-iY_{\nu}(z)$. 
       They have a branch cut along the negative real axis in the complex
       $z$ plane.

       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [9.1.4]
    </Description>
    <CMP> H^(2) : (real, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> H^(2) : (complex, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> H^(2) : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
        $H_{-\nu}^{(2)}(z)=e^{-\nu \pi i} H_{\nu}^{(2)}(z)$
    </CMP>
    <CMP> H^{(2)}_\nu(z)=J_\nu(z)-iY_\nu(z) </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> BesselI </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol BesselI represents the Modified Bessel Functions of
       the first kind. They are denoted by $I_{\pm\nu}(z)$.
       The $I_{\pm\nu}(z)$ are the solutions of the differential equation 
       $z^2\frac{d^2w}{d^2z}+z\frac{dw}{dz}-(z^2+\nu^2)w=0$
       which has a branch cut along the negative real axis in the complex 
       $z$ plane.  When $\nu$ is integral, $I_{\nu}$ is an entire function of z.

       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [9.6.1]
    </Description>
    <FunctorClass> Function </FunctorClass>
    <CMP> I : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> I : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> I : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $I_{\nu}(z)=\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{k!\Gamma(\nu+k+1)}
       (\frac{z}{2})^{2k+\nu}$, ascending series
     </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $I_{-n}(z)=I_n(z)$  
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> BesselK </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol BesselK represents the Modified Bessel Functions of
       the second kind. They are denoted by $K_{\nu}(z)$.
       They are the solutions of the differential equation 
       $z^2\frac{d^2w}{d^2z}+z\frac{dw}{dz}-(z^2+\nu^2)w=0$
       which has a branch cut along the negative real axis in the complex 
       $z$ plane.

       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [9.6.1]
    </Description>
    <FunctorClass> Function </FunctorClass>
    <CMP> K : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> K : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> K : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $K_{\nu}(z)=\frac{1}{2}\pi \frac{I_{-\nu}(z)-I_{\nu}(z)}
       {sin(\nu\pi)}$, relation to $I_{\nu}(z)$ 
    </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{2z}}K_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)=
       \frac{1}{2}\pi(-1)^{n+1} \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{2z}} [I_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)
       -I_{-n-\frac{1}{2}}(z)]$, relation to $I_{\nu}(z)$ 
     </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $K_{-\nu}(z)=K_{\nu}(z)$ 
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> SphericalBesselj </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol SphericalBesselj represents the  Spherical Bessel
       Functions of the first kind. They are denoted by $j_{n}(z)$.
       They satisfy the differential equation 
       $z^2 w^{\prime\prime}+2zw^{\prime}+[z^2-n(n+1)]w=0$.
         
       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [10.1.1]
    </Description>
    <CMP> j : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> j : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> j : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
      $j_{n}(z)=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\pi/z}J_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)$
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> SphericalBessely </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol SphericalBessely represents the Spherical Bessel
       Functions of the second kind. They are denoted by $y_{n}(z)$. 
       They satisfy the differential equation       
       $z^2 w^{\prime\prime}+2zw^{\prime}+[z^2-n(n+1)]w=0$.

       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [10.1.1]
    </Description>
    <FunctorClass> Function </FunctorClass>
    <CMP> y : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> y : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> y : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $y_{n}(z)=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\pi/z}Y_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)$
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> SphericalHankel1 </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol SphericalHankel1 represents the Spherical Hankel
       Functions of the first kind (also called the first variety of
       the spherical Bessel functions of the third kind).
       They are denoted by $h_{n}^{(1)}(z)$.
       They satisfy the differential equation       
       $z^2 w^{\prime\prime}+2zw^{\prime}+[z^2-n(n+1)]w=0$.
       
       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [10.1.1]
    </Description>
    <FunctorClass> Function </FunctorClass>
    <CMP> h^(1) : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> h^(1) : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> h^(1) : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
        $h_{n}^{(1)}(z)=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\pi/z}H_{n+\frac{1}{2}}^{(1)}(z)$
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> SphericalHankel2 </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol SphericalHankel2 represents the Spherical Hankel
       Functions of the second kind (also called the second variety of
       the spherical Bessel functions of the third kind).
       They are denoted by $h_{n}^{(2)}(z)$.
       They satisfy the differential equation       
       $z^2 w^{\prime\prime}+2zw^{\prime}+[z^2-n(n+1)]w=0$.
       
       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [10.1.1]
    </Description>
    <CMP> h^(2) : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> h^(2) : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> h^(2) : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP> $h_{n}^{(2)}(z)=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\pi/z}H_{n+\frac{1}{2}}
       ^{(2)}(z)$  
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> SphericalBesselI_nPlusHalf </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol SphericalBesselI_nPlusHalf represents the Modified
       Spherical Bessel Functions of the first kind.
       They are denoted by $I_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)$.
       They satisfy the differential equation
       $z^2 w^{\prime\prime}+2zw^{\prime}+[z^2+n(n+1)]w=0$ where $n \geq 0$.
       
       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [10.2.2]
    </Description>
    <FunctorClass> Function </FunctorClass>
    <CMP> I_{n+1/2} : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> I_{n+1/2} : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> I_{n+1/2} : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $\sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \pi/z} I_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)=
       e^{-n \pi i/2}j_n(ze^{\pi i/2})$, (-$\pi \lt argz \leq
       \pi/2$)
     </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> SphericalBesselI_MinusnPlusHalf </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol SphericalBesselI_MinusnPlusHalf represents the Modified
       Spherical Bessel Functions of the second kind.
       They are denoted by $I_{-n-\frac{1}{2}}(z)$.
       They satisfy the differential equation
       $z^2 w^{\prime\prime}+2zw^{\prime}+[z^2+n(n+1)]w=0$ where $n \geq 0$.
       
       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [10.2.3]
    </Description>
    <CMP> I_{-n-1/2} : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> I_{-n-1/2} : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> I_{-n-1/2} : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP>
       $\sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \pi/z} I_{-n-\frac{1}{2}}(z)=
       e^{3(n+1) \pi i/2}y_n(ze^{\pi i/2})$, (-$\pi \lt argz \leq
       \pi/2$)
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>

  <CDDefinition>
    <Name> SphericalBesselK_nPlusHalf </Name>
    <Description>
       The symbol SphericalBesselK_nPlusHalf represent the Modified
       Spherical Bessel Functions of the third kind.
       They are denoted by $K_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)$. 
       They satisfy the differential equation
       $z^2 w^{\prime\prime}+2zw^{\prime}+[z^2+n(n+1)]w=0$ where $n \geq 0$.
       
       They are defined as in M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of
       Mathematical Functions, [10.2.4]
    </Description>
    <CMP> K_{n+1/2} : (integer, real) $\rightarrow$ real </CMP>
    <CMP> K_{n+1/2} : (integer, complex) $\rightarrow$ complex </CMP>
    <CMP> K_{n+1/2} : (symbolic, symbolic) $\rightarrow$ symbolic </CMP>
    <CMP> $\sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \pi/z} K_{n+\frac{1}{2}}(z)=
       \frac{1}{2} \pi (-1)^{n+1}\sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \pi/z}[I_{n+\frac{1}{2}}
       -I_{-n-\frac{1}{2}}]$ 
    </CMP>
  </CDDefinition>
</CD>
